Centrifugal governor.



W JAHNS.

GENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 9, 1913.

Patented Nov. w, 1914.

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WILHELM JAPIN'S, OF DFFENBACH-UN-THE-dltffllll,

CENTRIFUGAL GUVERN 01ft.

Specification oi Letters Patent.

Application filed April 9, 1913.

Patented lout ll ii Flint t... Eerie! No. ffillfifiii.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that l, WILHELM Janus, a subject of the German Emperor, and resident of Oifenbach-on-the-Main, Germany, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Centrifugal Governors, of which the following; is a specification.

T his invention relates to an improvement in such centrifugal governors for power engines in which the centrifugal forces set up in the centrifugal masses by the rotation are directly received by springs. The well known governors of this kind are not provided. with a positive parallel guiding of their centrifugal masses so that these centrifugal masses which are suspended so to be able to rotate around their centers of gravity are allowed within certainlimits to assume arliitrary positions and in fact do assume such positions. lln general, the governor springs in the constructions known until now are used or considered as auxiliary means for ascertaining the parallel guiding of the centrifugal masses. But. as these springs always are compression springs, the parallel guiding ascertained by same is a very questionable one as not only little inexactitudes in the construction of the springs (especially of their extreme flat surfaces) or of the centrifugal masses but also the nu avoidable friction between. the centrifugal masses and their pivots, branches or supports 50 to speak compulsorily produce a lateral flexing of the springs and consequently a corresponding oblique position of the centrifugal masses. Besides, the vibrations which are absolutely unavoidable during the working of such a regulator as well as possible reactional pressures originating from the valve gear areable to cause the centrifugal masses to assume an oblique po sition and to cant with their centers of rela- Figures 3, 4 and 5 show such constructions in which the centrifugal masses are rotatably suspended from their centers of gravity and are compelled solely by the springs to move approximately parallelly to themselves.

In the construction shown by Figs. 1 and E2, the centrifugal masses are not mounted on one single airis passing through their centers of gravity; but two axes 0 and c-o are provided at a considerable distance from the center of gravity, of which ares the one 0 is guided through the medium of a single roller on the guide way (Z and the axes c-c' through the medium of two rollers on the guide-ways dI-(Z. In this system of guiding the centrifugal masses the own weight of the latter always acts in such a manner that the centrifugal masses are shifted in parallel relation to themselves. it canting of the centrifugal masses around their center of suspension as this is possible in the constructions shown by Figs. 3, t and 5 is impossible a. priori in the construetlons shown by Figs. 1 and 2. as will be readily understood; but in the latter constructions it may happen that the centrifugal masses are lifted from one of their guide-ways through vibrations, etc, or, in marine engines, as a consequence of the oscillations of the vessel long as shocks are produced between the centrifugal masses a and their rollers c, cc and the guide ways (Z. (Z-0Z.

Now, this invention relates to a device by which the centrifugal masses of the goven nors of the kind considered here are posi tively guided or held in such a manner that they are always compelled to move in all circumstances parallelly to themselves and are also prevented from being lifted from their guide-ways by vibrations, etc.

The accompanying drawing shows several forms of embodiment of the principle of the invention applied to various types of governors.

In the form of embodiment shown by Figs. 1 and 2., the improvement has been shown as applied to a governor system in which the centrifugal masses a which are acted upon by the springs i) are guided on the guide ways a, (EV-d" positioned in a horizontal planev by means of a system com prising three supporting rollers c, c-c.

This kind of guiding had for the centrifugal masses athis advantage that they were exaotly guided in the horizontal plane. in this arrangement, too, the centrifugal masses, would be held under normal conditions in theircorrect position i. 6., would move parallelly to each other as their center of gravity was lying. inside the three points of support. On the contrary it was possible for the centrifugal masses to be lifted-from the corresponding guide-way both as a whole and by any one of their supporting rollers c, 00. In order to remedy this drawback, a double armed lever a has been provided above the centrifugal masses (7. which lever carries at each end a roller f. This lever is adjusted by means of the nut g on the shaft 29 in such a manner that it holds in a lasting manner the centrifugal masses a uniformly on their guide-ways cl, d-d and this, it is needless to say, without hindering their radial motion. By this arrangement it is obtained that the -centrifugal masses never cant toward one side, nor can rise bodily from their rolling surfaces whatever may be the causes tending to bring about such a non-intentioned and unfavorable motion.

In the second form of embodiment the principle of the invention is applied to a governor construction in which, as shown by Figs. 3 and 4 the centrifugal masses a, are guided in slot like guides z'-z' by means of a coaxial system of rollers h-h positioned in the center of gravity of the centrifugal masses. In this construction it is true, an important vertical motion is prevented by these guides, but on the other hand the centrifugal masses can turn around the rollers h-h or the pivots thereof; as readily seen the centrifugal bodies are not compelled to move during their radial movements parallelly to themselves and, besides, they will be able to vibrate, in certain cases between the guide-planes i-z' whereby an objectionable stress is "put upon the guide-planes themselves as well as upon the guide-rollers. etc. Both drawbacks are avoided by the provision of the lever 6; but in this case the latter is provided besides the rollers f at its free ends with each arm. Owing to the fact that these rollers f and f are at a certain distance from each other and are arranged in such a manner that in all the positions of the centrifugal masses they are positioned on both sides of the guide rollers hh which are positioned in the centers of gravity of the masses, it is impossible that the centrifugal masses cant during their motions and that they can perform any upward motion whatever. As readily seen one may in this case, if desired, build the slot guide hh as simple straight surfaces.

Figs. 5 and G'finally show the application of the principle of the invention to a type of governor in which the centrifugal masses are guided by means of systems of links, Fig. 5 showing diagrammatically the employment of one pair of links and Fig. 6 the eman additional roller f on ployment of two pairs of links for each centrifugal mass. In the first named construction (Fig. 3) we again find essentially the double lever e having two guide rollers f and f on each arm which has already been seen in the second construction (Figs. 3 and a). But as in this case the centrifugal masses a do not perform a rectilinear radial motion but move along an arc of a circle having for its center the point of support is of the link Z, it is necessary to provide means allowing the double armed lever e to follow this movement. To this end it is guided on the extension m of the shaft ya so as to be able to move up and down thereon and it is pressed downward by a spring n in such a manner that the effect aimed at by the present invention is fully attained.

In the governor construction shown by Fig. 6 in which the centrifugal masses a are each guided on two pairs of links, the lever e having only one roller at each end will again be sufficient; but the spring arrangement used in the form of embodiment just described is also necessary in this case.

The inventor wishes it to be expressly understood that it is not his intention to restrict the field of application of the device forming the subject matter of this invention; to the arrangements shown by way of example in the drawing. Thus for instance it is not necessary that the geometrical axes cc-0 and 0-y of the two centrifugal masses be on the same straight line; they can also be inclined under a certain angle with reference to the horizontal plane as this has been shown diagrammatically by Fig. 7. Besides it is not at all necessary that the two armed lever e be arranged above the centrifugal bodies; on the contrary the same can be positioned on both sides of the centrifugal masses at any desired height of same with the same technical efiect. Furthermore, it is not absolutely necessary that the two armed lever be directly connected with the shaft p; it can also be arranged on the casin or on any other structural part connecte with the shaft p.

Having now fully described my said invention, what I do claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: I

1. In a centrifugal governor of the kind described. the combination with a plurality of centrifugal masses, of guides located be low said masses and fixed in relation thereto, and an adjustable guide above said masses.

2. In a centrifugal governor of the kind described, the combination with a plurality of centrifugal masses. of guides located below said masses and fixed in relation there- 'to, and an adjustable guide above said masses, said adjustable guide being provided with spaced guide rollers for each of said masses.

3. In a centrifugal governor, the combination of a governor shaft; a plurality of arms to said masses and adapted for connection radiating from said shaft, :1 bar mounted to a valve controlling sleeve on said shaft, 10 on said shaft and extendin above said arms, In testimony whereof I have hereunto set centrifugal masses mounte on said arms and my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

5 slidable longitudinally thereof, guides on WILHELM J AHNS. said bar engaging said masses, a spring sur- Witnesses:

rounding said shaft and urging said bar to- JEAN GRUND,

Ward said masses, and a linkage connected CARL GRUND. 

